(function (global, factory) {
  typeof exports === 'object' && typeof module !== 'undefined' ? module.exports = factory() :
  typeof define === 'function' && define.amd ? define(factory) :
  (global = typeof globalThis !== 'undefined' ? globalThis : global || self, global.i18next = factory());
})(this, (function () { 'use strict';

  const consoleLogger = {
    type: 'logger',
    log(args) {
      this.output('log', args);
    },
    warn(args) {
      this.output('warn', args);
    },
    error(args) {
      this.output('error', args);
    },
    output(type, args) {
      if (console && console[type]) console[type].apply(console, args);
    }
  };
  class Logger {
    constructor(concreteLogger) {
      let options = arguments.length > 1 && arguments[1] !== undefined ? arguments[1] : {};
      this.init(concreteLogger, options);
    }
    init(concreteLogger) {
      let options = arguments.length > 1 && arguments[1] !== undefined ? arguments[1] : {};
      this.prefix = options.prefix || 'i18next:';
      this.logger = concreteLogger || consoleLogger;
      this.options = options;
      this.debug = options.debug;
    }
    log() {
      for (var _len = arguments.length, args = new Array(_len), _key = 0; _key < _len; _key++) {
        args[_key] = arguments[_key];
      }
      return this.forward(args, 'log', '', true);
    }
    warn() {
      for (var _len2 = arguments.length, args = new Array(_len2), _key2 = 0; _key2 < _len2; _key2++) {
        args[_key2] = arguments[_key2];
      }
      return this.forward(args, 'warn', '', true);
    }
    error() {
      for (var _len3 = arguments.length, args = new Array(_len3), _key3 = 0; _key3 < _len3; _key3++) {
        args[_key3] = arguments[_key3];
      }
      return this.forward(args, 'error', '');
    }
    deprecate() {
      for (var _len4 = arguments.length, args = new Array(_len4), _key4 = 0; _key4 < _len4; _key4++) {
        args[_key4] = arguments[_key4];
      }
      return this.forward(args, 'warn', 'WARNING DEPRECATED: ', true);
    }
    forward(args, lvl, prefix, debugOnly) {
      if (debugOnly && !this.debug) return null;
      if (typeof args[0] === 'string') args[0] = `${prefix}${this.prefix} ${args[0]}`;
      return this.logger[lvl](args);
    }
    create(moduleName) {
      return new Logger(this.logger, {
        ...{
          prefix: `${this.prefix}:${moduleName}:`
        },
        ...this.options
      });
    }
    clone(options) {
      options = options || this.options;
      options.prefix = options.prefix || this.prefix;
      return new Logger(this.logger, options);
    }
  }
  var baseLogger = new Logger();

  class EventEmitter {
    constructor() {
      this.observers = {};
    }
    on(events, listener) {
      events.split(' ').forEach(event => {
        if (!this.observers[event]) this.observers[event] = new Map();
        const numListeners = this.observers[event].get(listener) || 0;
        this.observers[event].set(listener, numListeners + 1);
      });
      return this;
    }
    off(event, listener) {
      if (!this.observers[event]) return;
      if (!listener) {
        delete this.observers[event];
        return;
      }
      this.observers[event].delete(listener);
    }
    emit(event) {
      for (var _len = arguments.length, args = new Array(_len > 1 ? _len - 1 : 0), _key = 1; _key < _len; _key++) {
        args[_key - 1] = arguments[_key];
      }
      if (this.observers[event]) {
        const cloned = Array.from(this.observers[event].entries());
        cloned.forEach(_ref => {
          let [observer, numTimesAdded] = _ref;
          for (let i = 0; i < numTimesAdded; i++) {
            observer(...args);
          }
        });
      }
      if (this.observers['*']) {
        const cloned = Array.from(this.observers['*'].entries());
        cloned.forEach(_ref2 => {
          let [observer, numTimesAdded] = _ref2;
          for (let i = 0; i < numTimesAdded; i++) {
            observer.apply(observer, [event, ...args]);
          }
        });
      }
    }
  }

  function defer() {
    let res;
    let rej;
    const promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
      res = resolve;
      rej = reject;
    });
    promise.resolve = res;
    promise.reject = rej;
    return promise;
  }
  function makeString(object) {
    if (object == null) return '';
    return '' + object;
  }
  function copy(a, s, t) {
    a.forEach(m => {
      if (s[m]) t[m] = s[m];
    });
  }
  const lastOfPathSeparatorRegExp = /###/g;
  function getLastOfPath(object, path, Empty) {
    function cleanKey(key) {
      return key && key.indexOf('###') > -1 ? key.replace(lastOfPathSeparatorRegExp, '.') : key;
    }
    function canNotTraverseDeeper() {
      return !object || typeof object === 'string';
    }
    const stack = typeof path !== 'string' ? path : path.split('.');
    let stackIndex = 0;
    while (stackIndex < stack.length - 1) {
      if (canNotTraverseDeeper()) return {};
      const key = cleanKey(stack[stackIndex]);
      if (!object[key] && Empty) object[key] = new Empty();
      if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(object, key)) {
        object = object[key];
      } else {
        object = {};
      }
      ++stackIndex;
    }
    if (canNotTraverseDeeper()) return {};
    return {
      obj: object,
      k: cleanKey(stack[stackIndex])
    };
  }
  function setPath(object, path, newValue) {
    const {
      obj,
      k
    } = getLastOfPath(object, path, Object);
    if (obj !== undefined || path.length === 1) {
      obj[k] = newValue;
      return;
    }
    let e = path[path.length - 1];
    let p = path.slice(0, path.length - 1);
    let last = getLastOfPath(object, p, Object);
    while (last.obj === undefined && p.length) {
      e = `${p[p.length - 1]}.${e}`;
      p = p.slice(0, p.length - 1);
      last = getLastOfPath(object, p, Object);
      if (last && last.obj && typeof last.obj[`${last.k}.${e}`] !== 'undefined') {
        last.obj = undefined;
      }
    }
    last.obj[`${last.k}.${e}`] = newValue;
  }
  function pushPath(object, path, newValue, concat) {
    const {
      obj,
      k
    } = getLastOfPath(object, path, Object);
    obj[k] = obj[k] || [];
    obj[k].push(newValue);
  }
  function getPath(object, path) {
    const {
      obj,
      k
    } = getLastOfPath(object, path);
    if (!obj) return undefined;
    return obj[k];
  }
  function getPathWithDefaults(data, defaultData, key) {
    const value = getPath(data, key);
    if (value !== undefined) {
      return value;
    }
    return getPath(defaultData, key);
  }
  function deepExtend(target, source, overwrite) {
    for (const prop in source) {
      if (prop !== '__proto__' && prop !== 'constructor') {
        if (prop in target) {
          if (typeof target[prop] === 'string' || target[prop] instanceof String || typeof source[prop] === 'string' || source[prop] instanceof String) {
            if (overwrite) target[prop] = source[prop];
          } else {
            deepExtend(target[prop], source[prop], overwrite);
          }
        } else {
          target[prop] = source[prop];
        }
      }
    }
    return target;
  }
  function regexEscape(str) {
    return str.replace(/[\-\[\]\/\{\}\(\)\*\+\?\.\\\^\$\|]/g, '\\$&');
  }
  var _entityMap = {
    '&': '&amp;',
    '<': '&lt;',
    '>': '&gt;',
    '"': '&quot;',
    "'": '&#39;',
    '/': '&#x2F;'
  };
  function escape(data) {
    if (typeof data === 'string') {
      return data.replace(/[&<>"'\/]/g, s => _entityMap[s]);
    }
    return data;
  }
  class RegExpCache {
    constructor(capacity) {
      this.capacity = capacity;
      this.regExpMap = new Map();
      this.regExpQueue = [];
    }
    getRegExp(pattern) {
      const regExpFromCache = this.regExpMap.get(pattern);
      if (regExpFromCache !== undefined) {
        return regExpFromCache;
      }
      const regExpNew = new RegExp(pattern);
      if (this.regExpQueue.length === this.capacity) {
        this.regExpMap.delete(this.regExpQueue.shift());
      }
      this.regExpMap.set(pattern, regExpNew);
      this.regExpQueue.push(pattern);
      return regExpNew;
    }
  }
  const chars = [' ', ',', '?', '!', ';'];
  const looksLikeObjectPathRegExpCache = new RegExpCache(20);
  function looksLikeObjectPath(key, nsSeparator, keySeparator) {
    nsSeparator = nsSeparator || '';
    keySeparator = keySeparator || '';
    const possibleChars = chars.filter(c => nsSeparator.indexOf(c) < 0 && keySeparator.indexOf(c) < 0);
    if (possibleChars.length === 0) return true;
    const r = looksLikeObjectPathRegExpCache.getRegExp(`(${possibleChars.map(c => c === '?' ? '\\?' : c).join('|')})`);
    let matched = !r.test(key);
    if (!matched) {
      const ki = key.indexOf(keySeparator);
      if (ki > 0 && !r.test(key.substring(0, ki))) {
        matched = true;
      }
    }
    return matched;
  }
  function deepFind(obj, path) {
    let keySeparator = arguments.length > 2 && arguments[2] !== undefined ? arguments[2] : '.';
    if (!obj) return undefined;
    if (obj[path]) return obj[path];
    const tokens = path.split(keySeparator);
    let current = obj;
    for (let i = 0; i < tokens.length;) {
      if (!current || typeof current !== 'object') {
        return undefined;
      }
      let next;
      let nextPath = '';
      for (let j = i; j < tokens.length; ++j) {
        if (j !== i) {
          nextPath += keySeparator;
        }
        nextPath += tokens[j];
        next = current[nextPath];
        if (next !== undefined) {
          if (['string', 'number', 'boolean'].indexOf(typeof next) > -1 && j < tokens.length - 1) {
            continue;
          }
          i += j - i + 1;
          break;
        }
      }
      current = next;
    }
    return current;
  }
  function getCleanedCode(code) {
    if (code && code.indexOf('_') > 0) return code.replace('_', '-');
    return code;
  }

  class ResourceStore extends EventEmitter {
    constructor(data) {
      let options = arguments.length > 1 && arguments[1] !== undefined ? arguments[1] : {
        ns: ['translation'],
        defaultNS: 'translation'
      };
      super();
      this.data = data || {};
      this.options = options;
      if (this.options.keySeparator === undefined) {
        this.options.keySeparator = '.';
      }
      if (this.options.ignoreJSONStructure === undefined) {
        this.options.ignoreJSONStructure = true;
      }
    }
    addNamespaces(ns) {
      if (this.options.ns.indexOf(ns) < 0) {
        this.options.ns.push(ns);
      }
    }
    removeNamespaces(ns) {
      const index = this.options.ns.indexOf(ns);
      if (index > -1) {
        this.options.ns.splice(index, 1);
      }
    }
    getResource(lng, ns, key) {
      let options = arguments.length > 3 && arguments[3] !== undefined ? arguments[3] : {};
      const keySeparator = options.keySeparator !== undefined ? options.keySeparator : this.options.keySeparator;
      const ignoreJSONStructure = options.ignoreJSONStructure !== undefined ? options.ignoreJSONStructure : this.options.ignoreJSONStructure;
      let path;
      if (lng.indexOf('.') > -1) {
        path = lng.split('.');
      } else {
        path = [lng, ns];
        if (key) {
          if (Array.isArray(key)) {
            path.push(...key);
          } else if (typeof key === 'string' && keySeparator) {
            path.push(...key.split(keySeparator));
          } else {
            path.push(key);
          }
        }
      }
      const result = getPath(this.data, path);
      if (!result && !ns && !key && lng.indexOf('.') > -1) {
        lng = path[0];
        ns = path[1];
        key = path.slice(2).join('.');
      }
      if (result || !ignoreJSONStructure || typeof key !== 'string') return result;
      return deepFind(this.data && this.data[lng] && this.data[lng][ns], key, keySeparator);
    }
    addResource(lng, ns, key, value) {
      let options = arguments.length > 4 && arguments[4] !== undefined ? arguments[4] : {
        silent: false
      };
      const keySeparator = options.keySeparator !== undefined ? options.keySeparator : this.options.keySeparator;
      let path = [lng, ns];
      if (key) path = path.concat(keySeparator ? key.split(keySeparator) : key);
      if (lng.indexOf('.') > -1) {
        path = lng.split('.');
        value = ns;
        ns = path[1];
      }
      this.addNamespaces(ns);
      setPath(this.data, path, value);
      if (!options.silent) this.emit('added', lng, ns, key, value);
    }
    addResources(lng, ns, resources) {
      let options = arguments.length > 3 && arguments[3] !== undefined ? arguments[3] : {
        silent: false
      };
      for (const m in resources) {
        if (typeof resources[m] === 'string' || Array.isArray(resources[m])) this.addResource(lng, ns, m, resources[m], {
          silent: true
        });
      }
      if (!options.silent) this.emit('added', lng, ns, resources);
    }
    addResourceBundle(lng, ns, resources, deep, overwrite) {
      let options = arguments.length > 5 && arguments[5] !== undefined ? arguments[5] : {
        silent: false,
        skipCopy: false
      };
      let path = [lng, ns];
      if (lng.indexOf('.') > -1) {
        path = lng.split('.');
        deep = resources;
        resources = ns;
        ns = path[1];
      }
      this.addNamespaces(ns);
      let pack = getPath(this.data, path) || {};
      if (!options.skipCopy) resources = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(resources));
      if (deep) {
        deepExtend(pack, resources, overwrite);
      } else {
        pack = {
          ...pack,
          ...resources
        };
      }
      setPath(this.data, path, pack);
      if (!options.silent) this.emit('added', lng, ns, resources);
    }
    removeResourceBundle(lng, ns) {
      if (this.hasResourceBundle(lng, ns)) {
        delete this.data[lng][ns];
      }
      this.removeNamespaces(ns);
      this.emit('removed', lng, ns);
    }
    hasResourceBundle(lng, ns) {
      return this.getResource(lng, ns) !== undefined;
    }
    getResourceBundle(lng, ns) {
      if (!ns) ns = this.options.defaultNS;
      if (this.options.compatibilityAPI === 'v1') return {
        ...{},
        ...this.getResource(lng, ns)
      };
      return this.getResource(lng, ns);
    }
    getDataByLanguage(lng) {
      return this.data[lng];
    }
    hasLanguageSomeTranslations(lng) {
      const data = this.getDataByLanguage(lng);
      const n = data && Object.keys(data) || [];
      return !!n.find(v => data[v] && Object.keys(data[v]).length > 0);
    }
    toJSON() {
      return this.data;
    }
  }

  var postProcessor = {
    processors: {},
    addPostProcessor(module) {
      this.processors[module.name] = module;
    },
    handle(processors, value, key, options, translator) {
      processors.forEach(processor => {
        if (this.processors[processor]) value = this.processors[processor].process(value, key, options, translator);
      });
      return value;
    }
  };

  const checkedLoadedFor = {};
  class Translator extends EventEmitter {
    constructor(services) {
      let options = arguments.length > 1 && arguments[1] !== undefined ? arguments[1] : {};
      super();
      copy(['resourceStore', 'languageUtils', 'pluralResolver', 'interpolator', 'backendConnector', 'i18nFormat', 'utils'], services, this);
      this.options = options;
      if (this.options.keySeparator === undefined) {
        this.options.keySeparator = '.';
      }
      this.logger = baseLogger.create('translator');
    }
    changeLanguage(lng) {
      if (lng) this.language = lng;
    }
    exists(key) {
      let options = arguments.length > 1 && arguments[1] !== undefined ? arguments[1] : {
        interpolation: {}
      };
      if (key === undefined || key === null) {
        return false;
      }
      const resolved = this.resolve(key, options);
      return resolved && resolved.res !== undefined;
    }
    extractFromKey(key, options) {
      let nsSeparator = options.nsSeparator !== undefined ? options.nsSeparator : this.options.nsSeparator;
      if (nsSeparator === undefined) nsSeparator = ':';
      const keySeparator = options.keySeparator !== undefined ? options.keySeparator : this.options.keySeparator;
      let namespaces = options.ns || this.options.defaultNS || [];
      const wouldCheckForNsInKey = nsSeparator && key.indexOf(nsSeparator) > -1;
      const seemsNaturalLanguage = !this.options.userDefinedKeySeparator && !options.keySeparator && !this.options.userDefinedNsSeparator && !options.nsSeparator && !looksLikeObjectPath(key, nsSeparator, keySeparator);
      if (wouldCheckForNsInKey && !seemsNaturalLanguage) {
        const m = key.match(this.interpolator.nestingRegexp);
        if (m && m.length > 0) {
          return {
            key,
            namespaces
          };
        }
        const parts = key.split(nsSeparator);
        if (nsSeparator !== keySeparator || nsSeparator === keySeparator && this.options.ns.indexOf(parts[0]) > -1) namespaces = parts.shift();
        key = parts.join(keySeparator);
      }
      if (typeof namespaces === 'string') namespaces = [namespaces];
      return {
        key,
        namespaces
      };
    }
    translate(keys, options, lastKey) {
      if (typeof options !== 'object' && this.options.overloadTranslationOptionHandler) {
        options = this.options.overloadTranslationOptionHandler(arguments);
      }
      if (typeof options === 'object') options = {
        ...options
      };
      if (!options) options = {};
      if (keys === undefined || keys === null) return '';
      if (!Array.isArray(keys)) keys = [String(keys)];
      const returnDetails = options.returnDetails !== undefined ? options.returnDetails : this.options.returnDetails;
      const keySeparator = options.keySeparator !== undefined ? options.keySeparator : this.options.keySeparator;
      const {
        key,
        namespaces
      } = this.extractFromKey(keys[keys.length - 1], options);
      const namespace = namespaces[namespaces.length - 1];
      const lng = options.lng || this.language;
      const appendNamespaceToCIMode = options.appendNamespaceToCIMode || this.options.appendNamespaceToCIMode;
      if (lng && lng.toLowerCase() === 'cimode') {
        if (appendNamespaceToCIMode) {
          const nsSeparator = options.nsSeparator || this.options.nsSeparator;
          if (returnDetails) {
            return {
              res: `${namespace}${nsSeparator}${key}`,
              usedKey: key,
              exactUsedKey: key,
              usedLng: lng,
              usedNS: namespace,
              usedParams: this.getUsedParamsDetails(options)
            };
          }
          return `${namespace}${nsSeparator}${key}`;
        }
        if (returnDetails) {
          return {
            res: key,
            usedKey: key,
            exactUsedKey: key,
            usedLng: lng,
            usedNS: namespace,
            usedParams: this.getUsedParamsDetails(options)
          };
        }
        return key;
      }
      const resolved = this.resolve(keys, options);
      let res = resolved && resolved.res;
      const resUsedKey = resolved && resolved.usedKey || key;
      const resExactUsedKey = resolved && resolved.exactUsedKey || key;
      const resType = Object.prototype.toString.apply(res);
      const noObject = ['[object Number]', '[object Function]', '[object RegExp]'];
      const joinArrays = options.joinArrays !== undefined ? options.joinArrays : this.options.joinArrays;
      const handleAsObjectInI18nFormat = !this.i18nFormat || this.i18nFormat.handleAsObject;
      const handleAsObject = typeof res !== 'string' && typeof res !== 'boolean' && typeof res !== 'number';
      if (handleAsObjectInI18nFormat && res && handleAsObject && noObject.indexOf(resType) < 0 && !(typeof joinArrays === 'string' && Array.isArray(res))) {
        if (!options.returnObjects && !this.options.returnObjects) {
          if (!this.options.returnedObjectHandler) {
            this.logger.warn('accessing an object - but returnObjects options is not enabled!');
          }
          const r = this.options.returnedObjectHandler ? this.options.returnedObjectHandler(resUsedKey, res, {
            ...options,
            ns: namespaces
          }) : `key '${key} (${this.language})' returned an object instead of string.`;
          if (returnDetails) {
            resolved.res = r;
            resolved.usedParams = this.getUsedParamsDetails(options);
            return resolved;
          }
          return r;
        }
        if (keySeparator) {
          const resTypeIsArray = Array.isArray(res);
          const copy = resTypeIsArray ? [] : {};
          const newKeyToUse = resTypeIsArray ? resExactUsedKey : resUsedKey;
          for (const m in res) {
            if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(res, m)) {
              const deepKey = `${newKeyToUse}${keySeparator}${m}`;
              copy[m] = this.translate(deepKey, {
                ...options,
                ...{
                  joinArrays: false,
                  ns: namespaces
                }
              });
              if (copy[m] === deepKey) copy[m] = res[m];
            }
          }
          res = copy;
        }
      } else if (handleAsObjectInI18nFormat && typeof joinArrays === 'string' && Array.isArray(res)) {
        res = res.join(joinArrays);
        if (res) res = this.extendTranslation(res, keys, options, lastKey);
      } else {
        let usedDefault = false;
        let usedKey = false;
        const needsPluralHandling = options.count !== undefined && typeof options.count !== 'string';
        const hasDefaultValue = Translator.hasDefaultValue(options);
        const defaultValueSuffix = needsPluralHandling ? this.pluralResolver.getSuffix(lng, options.count, options) : '';
        const defaultValueSuffixOrdinalFallback = options.ordinal && needsPluralHandling ? this.pluralResolver.getSuffix(lng, options.count, {
          ordinal: false
        }) : '';
        const needsZeroSuffixLookup = needsPluralHandling && !options.ordinal && options.count === 0 && this.pluralResolver.shouldUseIntlApi();
        const defaultValue = needsZeroSuffixLookup && options[`defaultValue${this.options.pluralSeparator}zero`] || options[`defaultValue${defaultValueSuffix}`] || options[`defaultValue${defaultValueSuffixOrdinalFallback}`] || options.defaultValue;
        if (!this.isValidLookup(res) && hasDefaultValue) {
          usedDefault = true;
          res = defaultValue;
        }
        if (!this.isValidLookup(res)) {
          usedKey = true;
          res = key;
        }
        const missingKeyNoValueFallbackToKey = options.missingKeyNoValueFallbackToKey || this.options.missingKeyNoValueFallbackToKey;
        const resForMissing = missingKeyNoValueFallbackToKey && usedKey ? undefined : res;
        const updateMissing = hasDefaultValue && defaultValue !== res && this.options.updateMissing;
        if (usedKey || usedDefault || updateMissing) {
          this.logger.log(updateMissing ? 'updateKey' : 'missingKey', lng, namespace, key, updateMissing ? defaultValue : res);
          if (keySeparator) {
            const fk = this.resolve(key, {
              ...options,
              keySeparator: false
            });
            if (fk && fk.res) this.logger.warn('Seems the loaded translations were in flat JSON format instead of nested. Either set keySeparator: false on init or make sure your translations are published in nested format.');
          }
          let lngs = [];
          const fallbackLngs = this.languageUtils.getFallbackCodes(this.options.fallbackLng, options.lng || this.language);
          if (this.options.saveMissingTo === 'fallback' && fallbackLngs && fallbackLngs[0]) {
            for (let i = 0; i < fallbackLngs.length; i++) {
              lngs.push(fallbackLngs[i]);
            }
          } else if (this.options.saveMissingTo === 'all') {
            lngs = this.languageUtils.toResolveHierarchy(options.lng || this.language);
          } else {
            lngs.push(options.lng || this.language);
          }
          const send = (l, k, specificDefaultValue) => {
            const defaultForMissing = hasDefaultValue && specificDefaultValue !== res ? specificDefaultValue : resForMissing;
            if (this.options.missingKeyHandler) {
              this.options.missingKeyHandler(l, namespace, k, defaultForMissing, updateMissing, options);
            } else if (this.backendConnector && this.backendConnector.saveMissing) {
              this.backendConnector.saveMissing(l, namespace, k, defaultForMissing, updateMissing, options);
            }
            this.emit('missingKey', l, namespace, k, res);
          };
          if (this.options.saveMissing) {
            if (this.options.saveMissingPlurals && needsPluralHandling) {
              lngs.forEach(language => {
                const suffixes = this.pluralResolver.getSuffixes(language, options);
                if (needsZeroSuffixLookup && options[`defaultValue${this.options.pluralSeparator}zero`] && suffixes.indexOf(`${this.options.pluralSeparator}zero`) < 0) {
                  suffixes.push(`${this.options.pluralSeparator}zero`);
                }
                suffixes.forEach(suffix => {
                  send([language], key + suffix, options[`defaultValue${suffix}`] || defaultValue);
                });
              });
            } else {
              send(lngs, key, defaultValue);
            }
          }
        }
        res = this.extendTranslation(res, keys, options, resolved, lastKey);
        if (usedKey && res === key && this.options.appendNamespaceToMissingKey) res = `${namespace}:${key}`;
        if ((usedKey || usedDefault) && this.options.parseMissingKeyHandler) {
          if (this.options.compatibilityAPI !== 'v1') {
            res = this.options.parseMissingKeyHandler(this.options.appendNamespaceToMissingKey ? `${namespace}:${key}` : key, usedDefault ? res : undefined);
          } else {
            res = this.options.parseMissingKeyHandler(res);
          }
        }
      }
      if (returnDetails) {
        resolved.res = res;
        resolved.usedParams = this.getUsedParamsDetails(options);
        return resolved;
      }
      return res;
    }
    extendTranslation(res, key, options, resolved, lastKey) {
      var _this = this;
      if (this.i18nFormat && this.i18nFormat.parse) {
        res = this.i18nFormat.parse(res, {
          ...this.options.interpolation.defaultVariables,
          ...options
        }, options.lng || this.language || resolved.usedLng, resolved.usedNS, resolved.usedKey, {
          resolved
        });
      } else if (!options.skipInterpolation) {
        if (options.interpolation) this.interpolator.init({
          ...options,
          ...{
            interpolation: {
              ...this.options.interpolation,
              ...options.interpolation
            }
          }
        });
        const skipOnVariables = typeof res === 'string' && (options && options.interpolation && options.interpolation.skipOnVariables !== undefined ? options.interpolation.skipOnVariables : this.options.interpolation.skipOnVariables);
        let nestBef;
        if (skipOnVariables) {
          const nb = res.match(this.interpolator.nestingRegexp);
          nestBef = nb && nb.length;
        }
        let data = options.replace && typeof options.replace !== 'string' ? options.replace : options;
        if (this.options.interpolation.defaultVariables) data = {
          ...this.options.interpolation.defaultVariables,
          ...data
        };
        res = this.interpolator.interpolate(res, data, options.lng || this.language || resolved.usedLng, options);
        if (skipOnVariables) {
          const na = res.match(this.interpolator.nestingRegexp);
          const nestAft = na && na.length;
          if (nestBef < nestAft) options.nest = false;
        }
        if (!options.lng && this.options.compatibilityAPI !== 'v1' && resolved && resolved.res) options.lng = this.language || resolved.usedLng;
        if (options.nest !== false) res = this.interpolator.nest(res, function () {
          for (var _len = arguments.length, args = new Array(_len), _key = 0; _key < _len; _key++) {
            args[_key] = arguments[_key];
          }
          if (lastKey && lastKey[0] === args[0] && !options.context) {
            _this.logger.warn(`It seems you are nesting recursively key: ${args[0]} in key: ${key[0]}`);
            return null;
          }
          return _this.translate(...args, key);
        }, options);
        if (options.interpolation) this.interpolator.reset();
      }
      const postProcess = options.postProcess || this.options.postProcess;
      const postProcessorNames = typeof postProcess === 'string' ? [postProcess] : postProcess;
      if (res !== undefined && res !== null && postProcessorNames && postProcessorNames.length && options.applyPostProcessor !== false) {
        res = postProcessor.handle(postProcessorNames, res, key, this.options && this.options.postProcessPassResolved ? {
          i18nResolved: {
            ...resolved,
            usedParams: this.getUsedParamsDetails(options)
          },
          ...options
        } : options, this);
      }
      return res;
    }
    resolve(keys) {
      let options = arguments.length > 1 && arguments[1] !== undefined ? arguments[1] : {};
      let found;
      let usedKey;
      let exactUsedKey;
      let usedLng;
      let usedNS;
      if (typeof keys === 'string') keys = [keys];
      keys.forEach(k => {
        if (this.isValidLookup(found)) return;
        const extracted = this.extractFromKey(k, options);
        const key = extracted.key;
        usedKey = key;
        let namespaces = extracted.namespaces;
        if (this.options.fallbackNS) namespaces = namespaces.concat(this.options.fallbackNS);
        const needsPluralHandling = options.count !== undefined && typeof options.count !== 'string';
        const needsZeroSuffixLookup = needsPluralHandling && !options.ordinal && options.count === 0 && this.pluralResolver.shouldUseIntlApi();
        const needsContextHandling = options.context !== undefined && (typeof options.context === 'string' || typeof options.context === 'number') && options.context !== '';
        const codes = options.lngs ? options.lngs : this.languageUtils.toResolveHierarchy(options.lng || this.language, options.fallbackLng);
        namespaces.forEach(ns => {
          if (this.isValidLookup(found)) return;
          usedNS = ns;
          if (!checkedLoadedFor[`${codes[0]}-${ns}`] && this.utils && this.utils.hasLoadedNamespace && !this.utils.hasLoadedNamespace(usedNS)) {
            checkedLoadedFor[`${codes[0]}-${ns}`] = true;
            this.logger.warn(`key "${usedKey}" for languages "${codes.join(', ')}" won't get resolved as namespace "${usedNS}" was not yet loaded`, 'This means something IS WRONG in your setup. You access the t function before i18next.init / i18next.loadNamespace / i18next.changeLanguage was done. Wait for the callback or Promise to resolve before accessing it!!!');
          }
          codes.forEach(code => {
            if (this.isValidLookup(found)) return;
            usedLng = code;
            const finalKeys = [key];
            if (this.i18nFormat && this.i18nFormat.addLookupKeys) {
              this.i18nFormat.addLookupKeys(finalKeys, key, code, ns, options);
            } else {
              let pluralSuffix;
              if (needsPluralHandling) pluralSuffix = this.pluralResolver.getSuffix(code, options.count, options);
              const zeroSuffix = `${this.options.pluralSeparator}zero`;
              const ordinalPrefix = `${this.options.pluralSeparator}ordinal${this.options.pluralSeparator}`;
              if (needsPluralHandling) {
                finalKeys.push(key + pluralSuffix);
                if (options.ordinal && pluralSuffix.indexOf(ordinalPrefix) === 0) {
                  finalKeys.push(key + pluralSuffix.replace(ordinalPrefix, this.options.pluralSeparator));
                }
                if (needsZeroSuffixLookup) {
                  finalKeys.push(key + zeroSuffix);
                }
              }
              if (needsContextHandling) {
                const contextKey = `${key}${this.options.contextSeparator}${options.context}`;
                finalKeys.push(contextKey);
                if (needsPluralHandling) {
                  finalKeys.push(contextKey + pluralSuffix);
                  if (options.ordinal && pluralSuffix.indexOf(ordinalPrefix) === 0) {
                    finalKeys.push(contextKey + pluralSuffix.replace(ordinalPrefix, this.options.pluralSeparator));
                  }
                  if (needsZeroSuffixLookup) {
                    finalKeys.push(contextKey + zeroSuffix);
                  }
                }
              }
            }
            let possibleKey;
            while (possibleKey = finalKeys.pop()) {
              if (!this.isValidLookup(found)) {
                exactUsedKey = possibleKey;
                found = this.getResource(code, ns, possibleKey, options);
              }
            }
          });
        });
      });
      return {
        res: found,
        usedKey,
        exactUsedKey,
        usedLng,
        usedNS
      };
    }
    isValidLookup(res) {
      return res !== undefined && !(!this.options.returnNull && res === null) && !(!this.options.returnEmptyString && res === '');
    }
    getResource(code, ns, key) {
      let options = arguments.length > 3 && arguments[3] !== undefined ? arguments[3] : {};
      if (this.i18nFormat && this.i18nFormat.getResource) return this.i18nFormat.getResource(code, ns, key, options);
      return this.resourceStore.getResource(code, ns, key, options);
    }
    getUsedParamsDetails() {
      let options = arguments.length > 0 && arguments[0] !== undefined ? arguments[0] : {};
      const optionsKeys = ['defaultValue', 'ordinal', 'context', 'replace', 'lng', 'lngs', 'fallbackLng', 'ns', 'keySeparator', 'nsSeparator', 'returnObjects', 'returnDetails', 'joinArrays', 'postProcess', 'interpolation'];
      const useOptionsReplaceForData = options.replace && typeof options.replace !== 'string';
      let data = useOptionsReplaceForData ? options.replace : options;
      if (useOptionsReplaceForData && typeof options.count !== 'undefined') {
        data.count = options.count;
      }
      if (this.options.interpolation.defaultVariables) {
        data = {
          ...this.options.interpolation.defaultVariables,
          ...data
        };
      }
      if (!useOptionsReplaceForData) {
        data = {
          ...data
        };
        for (const key of optionsKeys) {
          delete data[key];
        }
      }
      return data;
    }
    static hasDefaultValue(options) {
      const prefix = 'defaultValue';
      for (const option in options) {
        if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(options, option) && prefix === option.substring(0, prefix.length) && undefined !== options[option]) {
          return true;
        }
      }
      return false;
    }
  }

  function capitalize(string) {
    return string.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + string.slice(1);
  }
  class LanguageUtil {
    constructor(options) {
      this.options = options;
      this.supportedLngs = this.options.supportedLngs || false;
      this.logger = baseLogger.create('languageUtils');
    }
    getScriptPartFromCode(code) {
      code = getCleanedCode(code);
      if (!code || code.indexOf('-') < 0) return null;
      const p = code.split('-');
      if (p.length === 2) return null;
      p.pop();
      if (p[p.length - 1].toLowerCase() === 'x') return null;
      return this.formatLanguageCode(p.join('-'));
    }
    getLanguagePartFromCode(code) {
      code = getCleanedCode(code);
      if (!code || code.indexOf('-') < 0) return code;
      const p = code.split('-');
      return this.formatLanguageCode(p[0]);
    }
    formatLanguageCode(code) {
      if (typeof code === 'string' && code.indexOf('-') > -1) {
        const specialCases = ['hans', 'hant', 'latn', 'cyrl', 'cans', 'mong', 'arab'];
        let p = code.split('-');
        if (this.options.lowerCaseLng) {
          p = p.map(part => part.toLowerCase());
        } else if (p.length === 2) {
          p[0] = p[0].toLowerCase();
          p[1] = p[1].toUpperCase();
          if (specialCases.indexOf(p[1].toLowerCase()) > -1) p[1] = capitalize(p[1].toLowerCase());
        } else if (p.length === 3) {
          p[0] = p[0].toLowerCase();
          if (p[1].length === 2) p[1] = p[1].toUpperCase();
          if (p[0] !== 'sgn' && p[2].length === 2) p[2] = p[2].toUpperCase();
          if (specialCases.indexOf(p[1].toLowerCase()) > -1) p[1] = capitalize(p[1].toLowerCase());
          if (specialCases.indexOf(p[2].toLowerCase()) > -1) p[2] = capitalize(p[2].toLowerCase());
        }
        return p.join('-');
      }
      return this.options.cleanCode || this.options.lowerCaseLng ? code.toLowerCase() : code;
    }
    isSupportedCode(code) {
      if (this.options.load === 'languageOnly' || this.options.nonExplicitSupportedLngs) {
        code = this.getLanguagePartFromCode(code);
      }
      return !this.supportedLngs || !this.supportedLngs.length || this.supportedLngs.indexOf(code) > -1;
    }
    getBestMatchFromCodes(codes) {
      if (!codes) return null;
      let found;
      codes.forEach(code => {
        if (found) return;
        const cleanedLng = this.formatLanguageCode(code);
        if (!this.options.supportedLngs || this.isSupportedCode(cleanedLng)) found = cleanedLng;
      });
      if (!found && this.options.supportedLngs) {
        codes.forEach(code => {
          if (found) return;
          const lngOnly = this.getLanguagePartFromCode(code);
          if (this.isSupportedCode(lngOnly)) return found = lngOnly;
          found = this.options.supportedLngs.find(supportedLng => {
            if (supportedLng === lngOnly) return supportedLng;
            if (supportedLng.indexOf('-') < 0 && lngOnly.indexOf('-') < 0) return;
            if (supportedLng.indexOf('-') > 0 && lngOnly.indexOf('-') < 0 && supportedLng.substring(0, supportedLng.indexOf('-')) === lngOnly) return supportedLng;
            if (supportedLng.indexOf(lngOnly) === 0 && lngOnly.length > 1) return supportedLng;
          });
        });
      }
      if (!found) found = this.getFallbackCodes(this.options.fallbackLng)[0];
      return found;
    }
    getFallbackCodes(fallbacks, code) {
      if (!fallbacks) return [];
      if (typeof fallbacks === 'function') fallbacks = fallbacks(code);
      if (typeof fallbacks === 'string') fallbacks = [fallbacks];
      if (Array.isArray(fallbacks)) return fallbacks;
      if (!code) return fallbacks.default || [];
      let found = fallbacks[code];
      if (!found) found = fallbacks[this.getScriptPartFromCode(code)];
      if (!found) found = fallbacks[this.formatLanguageCode(code)];
      if (!found) found = fallbacks[this.getLanguagePartFromCode(code)];
      if (!found) found = fallbacks.default;
      return found || [];
    }
    toResolveHierarchy(code, fallbackCode) {
      const fallbackCodes = this.getFallbackCodes(fallbackCode || this.options.fallbackLng || [], code);
      const codes = [];
      const addCode = c => {
        if (!c) return;
        if (this.isSupportedCode(c)) {
          codes.push(c);
        } else {
          this.logger.warn(`rejecting language code not found in supportedLngs: ${c}`);
        }
      };
      if (typeof code === 'string' && (code.indexOf('-') > -1 || code.indexOf('_') > -1)) {
        if (this.options.load !== 'languageOnly') addCode(this.formatLanguageCode(code));
        if (this.options.load !== 'languageOnly' && this.options.load !== 'currentOnly') addCode(this.getScriptPartFromCode(code));
        if (this.options.load !== 'currentOnly') addCode(this.getLanguagePartFromCode(code));
      } else if (typeof code === 'string') {
        addCode(this.formatLanguageCode(code));
      }
      fallbackCodes.forEach(fc => {
        if (codes.indexOf(fc) < 0) addCode(this.formatLanguageCode(fc));
      });
      return codes;
    }
  }

  let sets = [{
    lngs: ['ach', 'ak', 'am', 'arn', 'br', 'fil', 'gun', 'ln', 'mfe', 'mg', 'mi', 'oc', 'pt', 'pt-BR', 'tg', 'tl', 'ti', 'tr', 'uz', 'wa'],
    nr: [1, 2],
    fc: 1
  }, {
    lngs: ['af', 'an', 'ast', 'az', 'bg', 'bn', 'ca', 'da', 'de', 'dev', 'el', 'en', 'eo', 'es', 'et', 'eu', 'fi', 'fo', 'fur', 'fy', 'gl', 'gu', 'ha', 'hi', 'hu', 'hy', 'ia', 'it', 'kk', 'kn', 'ku', 'lb', 'mai', 'ml', 'mn', 'mr', 'nah', 'nap', 'nb', 'ne', 'nl', 'nn', 'no', 'nso', 'pa', 'pap', 'pms', 'ps', 'pt-PT', 'rm', 'sco', 'se', 'si', 'so', 'son', 'sq', 'sv', 'sw', 'ta', 'te', 'tk', 'ur', 'yo'],
    nr: [1, 2],
    fc: 2
  }, {
    lngs: ['ay', 'bo', 'cgg', 'fa', 'ht', 'id', 'ja', 'jbo', 'ka', 'km', 'ko', 'ky', 'lo', 'ms', 'sah', 'su', 'th', 'tt', 'ug', 'vi', 'wo', 'zh'],
    nr: [1],
    fc: 3
  }, {
    lngs: ['be', 'bs', 'cnr', 'dz', 'hr', 'ru', 'sr', 'uk'],
    nr: [1, 2, 5],
    fc: 4
  }, {
    lngs: ['ar'],
    nr: [0, 1, 2, 3, 11, 100],
    fc: 5
  }, {
    lngs: ['cs', 'sk'],
    nr: [1, 2, 5],
    fc: 6
  }, {
    lngs: ['csb', 'pl'],
    nr: [1, 2, 5],
    fc: 7
  }, {
    lngs: ['cy'],
    nr: [1, 2, 3, 8],
    fc: 8
  }, {
    lngs: ['fr'],
    nr: [1, 2],
    fc: 9
  }, {
    lngs: ['ga'],
    nr: [1, 2, 3, 7, 11],
    fc: 10
  }, {
    lngs: ['gd'],
    nr: [1, 2, 3, 20],
    fc: 11
  }, {
    lngs: ['is'],
    nr: [1, 2],
    fc: 12
  }, {
    lngs: ['jv'],
    nr: [0, 1],
    fc: 13
  }, {
    lngs: ['kw'],
    nr: [1, 2, 3, 4],
    fc: 14
  }, {
    lngs: ['lt'],
    nr: [1, 2, 10],
    fc: 15
  }, {
    lngs: ['lv'],
    nr: [1, 2, 0],
    fc: 16
  }, {
    lngs: ['mk'],
    nr: [1, 2],
    fc: 17
  }, {
    lngs: ['mnk'],
    nr: [0, 1, 2],
    fc: 18
  }, {
    lngs: ['mt'],
    nr: [1, 2, 11, 20],
    fc: 19
  }, {
    lngs: ['or'],
    nr: [2, 1],
    fc: 2
  }, {
    lngs: ['ro'],
    nr: [1, 2, 20],
    fc: 20
  }, {
    lngs: ['sl'],
    nr: [5, 1, 2, 3],
    fc: 21
  }, {
    lngs: ['he', 'iw'],
    nr: [1, 2, 20, 21],
    fc: 22
  }];
  let _rulesPluralsTypes = {
    1: function (n) {
      return Number(n > 1);
    },
    2: function (n) {
      return Number(n != 1);
    },
    3: function (n) {
      return 0;
    },
    4: function (n) {
      return Number(n % 10 == 1 && n % 100 != 11 ? 0 : n % 10 >= 2 && n % 10 <= 4 && (n % 100 < 10 || n % 100 >= 20) ? 1 : 2);
    },
    5: function (n) {
      return Number(n == 0 ? 0 : n == 1 ? 1 : n == 2 ? 2 : n % 100 >= 3 && n % 100 <= 10 ? 3 : n % 100 >= 11 ? 4 : 5);
    },
    6: function (n) {
      return Number(n == 1 ? 0 : n >= 2 && n <= 4 ? 1 : 2);
    },
    7: function (n) {
      return Number(n == 1 ? 0 : n % 10 >= 2 && n % 10 <= 4 && (n % 100 < 10 || n % 100 >= 20) ? 1 : 2);
    },
    8: function (n) {
      return Number(n == 1 ? 0 : n == 2 ? 1 : n != 8 && n != 11 ? 2 : 3);
    },
    9: function (n) {
      return Number(n >= 2);
    },
    10: function (n) {
      return Number(n == 1 ? 0 : n == 2 ? 1 : n < 7 ? 2 : n < 11 ? 3 : 4);
    },
    11: function (n) {
      return Number(n == 1 || n == 11 ? 0 : n == 2 || n == 12 ? 1 : n > 2 && n < 20 ? 2 : 3);
    },
    12: function (n) {
      return Number(n % 10 != 1 || n % 100 == 11);
    },
    13: function (n) {
      return Number(n !== 0);
    },
    14: function (n) {
      return Number(n == 1 ? 0 : n == 2 ? 1 : n == 3 ? 2 : 3);
    },
    15: function (n) {
      return Number(n % 10 == 1 && n % 100 != 11 ? 0 : n % 10 >= 2 && (n % 100 < 10 || n % 100 >= 20) ? 1 : 2);
    },
    16: function (n) {
      return Number(n % 10 == 1 && n % 100 != 11 ? 0 : n !== 0 ? 1 : 2);
    },
    17: function (n) {
      return Number(n == 1 || n % 10 == 1 && n % 100 != 11 ? 0 : 1);
    },
    18: function (n) {
      return Number(n == 0 ? 0 : n == 1 ? 1 : 2);
    },
    19: function (n) {
      return Number(n == 1 ? 0 : n == 0 || n % 100 > 1 && n % 100 < 11 ? 1 : n % 100 > 10 && n % 100 < 20 ? 2 : 3);
    },
    20: function (n) {
      return Number(n == 1 ? 0 : n == 0 || n % 100 > 0 && n % 100 < 20 ? 1 : 2);
    },
    21: function (n) {
      return Number(n % 100 == 1 ? 1 : n % 100 == 2 ? 2 : n % 100 == 3 || n % 100 == 4 ? 3 : 0);
    },
    22: function (n) {
      return Number(n == 1 ? 0 : n == 2 ? 1 : (n < 0 || n > 10) && n % 10 == 0 ? 2 : 3);
    }
  };
  const nonIntlVersions = ['v1', 'v2', 'v3'];
  const intlVersions = ['v4'];
  const suffixesOrder = {
    zero: 0,
    one: 1,
    two: 2,
    few: 3,
    many: 4,
    other: 5
  };
  function createRules() {
    const rules = {};
    sets.forEach(set => {
      set.lngs.forEach(l => {
        rules[l] = {
          numbers: set.nr,
          plurals: _rulesPluralsTypes[set.fc]
        };
      });
    });
    return rules;
  }
  class PluralResolver {
    constructor(languageUtils) {
      let options = arguments.length > 1 && arguments[1] !== undefined ? arguments[1] : {};
      this.languageUtils = languageUtils;
      this.options = options;
      this.logger = baseLogger.create('pluralResolver');
      if ((!this.options.compatibilityJSON || intlVersions.includes(this.options.compatibilityJSON)) && (typeof Intl === 'undefined' || !Intl.PluralRules)) {
        this.options.compatibilityJSON = 'v3';
        this.logger.error('Your environment seems not to be Intl API compatible, use an Intl.PluralRules polyfill. Will fallback to the compatibilityJSON v3 format handling.');
      }
      this.rules = createRules();
    }
    addRule(lng, obj) {
      this.rules[lng] = obj;
    }
    getRule(code) {
      let options = arguments.length > 1 && arguments[1] !== undefined ? arguments[1] : {};
      if (this.shouldUseIntlApi()) {
        try {
          return new Intl.PluralRules(getCleanedCode(code === 'dev' ? 'en' : code), {
            type: options.ordinal ? 'ordinal' : 'cardinal'
          });
        } catch (err) {
          return;
        }
      }
      return this.rules[code] || this.rules[this.languageUtils.getLanguagePartFromCode(code)];
    }
    needsPlural(code) {
      let options = arguments.length > 1 && arguments[1] !== undefined ? arguments[1] : {};
      const rule = this.getRule(code, options);
      if (this.shouldUseIntlApi()) {
        return rule && rule.resolvedOptions().pluralCategories.length > 1;
      }
      return rule && rule.numbers.length > 1;
    }
    getPluralFormsOfKey(code, key) {
      let options = arguments.length > 2 && arguments[2] !== undefined ? arguments[2] : {};
      return this.getSuffixes(code, options).map(suffix => `${key}${suffix}`);
    }
    getSuffixes(code) {
      let options = arguments.length > 1 && arguments[1] !== undefined ? arguments[1] : {};
      const rule = this.getRule(code, options);
      if (!rule) {
        return [];
      }
      if (this.shouldUseIntlApi()) {
        return rule.resolvedOptions().pluralCategories.sort((pluralCategory1, pluralCategory2) => suffixesOrder[pluralCategory1] - suffixesOrder[pluralCategory2]).map(pluralCategory => `${this.options.prepend}${options.ordinal ? `ordinal${this.options.prepend}` : ''}${pluralCategory}`);
      }
      return rule.numbers.map(number => this.getSuffix(code, number, options));
    }
    getSuffix(code, count) {
      let options = arguments.length > 2 && arguments[2] !== undefined ? arguments[2] : {};
      const rule = this.getRule(code, options);
      if (rule) {
        if (this.shouldUseIntlApi()) {
          return `${this.options.prepend}${options.ordinal ? `ordinal${this.options.prepend}` : ''}${rule.select(count)}`;
        }
        return this.getSuffixRetroCompatible(rule, count);
      }
      this.logger.warn(`no plural rule found for: ${code}`);
      return '';
    }
    getSuffixRetroCompatible(rule, count) {
      const idx = rule.noAbs ? rule.plurals(count) : rule.plurals(Math.abs(count));
      let suffix = rule.numbers[idx];
      if (this.options.simplifyPluralSuffix && rule.numbers.length === 2 && rule.numbers[0] === 1) {
        if (suffix === 2) {
          suffix = 'plural';
        } else if (suffix === 1) {
          suffix = '';
        }
      }
      const returnSuffix = () => this.options.prepend && suffix.toString() ? this.options.prepend + suffix.toString() : suffix.toString();
      if (this.options.compatibilityJSON === 'v1') {
        if (suffix === 1) return '';
        if (typeof suffix === 'number') return `_plural_${suffix.toString()}`;
        return returnSuffix();
      } else if (this.options.compatibilityJSON === 'v2') {
        return returnSuffix();
      } else if (this.options.simplifyPluralSuffix && rule.numbers.length === 2 && rule.numbers[0] === 1) {
        return returnSuffix();
      }
      return this.options.prepend && idx.toString() ? this.options.prepend + idx.toString() : idx.toString();
    }
    shouldUseIntlApi() {
      return !nonIntlVersions.includes(this.options.compatibilityJSON);
    }
  }

  function deepFindWithDefaults(data, defaultData, key) {
    let keySeparator = arguments.length > 3 && arguments[3] !== undefined ? arguments[3] : '.';
    let ignoreJSONStructure = arguments.length > 4 && arguments[4] !== undefined ? arguments[4] : true;
    let path = getPathWithDefaults(data, defaultData, key);
    if (!path && ignoreJSONStructure && typeof key === 'string') {
      path = deepFind(data, key, keySeparator);
      if (path === undefined) path = deepFind(defaultData, key, keySeparator);
    }
    return path;
  }
  class Interpolator {
    constructor() {
      let options = arguments.length > 0 && arguments[0] !== undefined ? arguments[0] : {};
      this.logger = baseLogger.create('interpolator');
      this.options = options;
      this.format = options.interpolation && options.interpolation.format || (value => value);
      this.init(options);
    }
    init() {
      let options = arguments.length > 0 && arguments[0] !== undefined ? arguments[0] : {};
      if (!options.interpolation) options.interpolation = {
        escapeValue: true
      };
      const {
        escape: escape$1,
        escapeValue,
        useRawValueToEscape,
        prefix,
        prefixEscaped,
        suffix,
        suffixEscaped,
        formatSeparator,
        unescapeSuffix,
        unescapePrefix,
        nestingPrefix,
        nestingPrefixEscaped,
        nestingSuffix,
        nestingSuffixEscaped,
        nestingOptionsSeparator,
        maxReplaces,
        alwaysFormat
      } = options.interpolation;
      this.escape = escape$1 !== undefined ? escape$1 : escape;
      this.escapeValue = escapeValue !== undefined ? escapeValue : true;
      this.useRawValueToEscape = useRawValueToEscape !== undefined ? useRawValueToEscape : false;
      this.prefix = prefix ? regexEscape(prefix) : prefixEscaped || '{{';
      this.suffix = suffix ? regexEscape(suffix) : suffixEscaped || '}}';
      this.formatSeparator = formatSeparator || ',';
      this.unescapePrefix = unescapeSuffix ? '' : unescapePrefix || '-';
      this.unescapeSuffix = this.unescapePrefix ? '' : unescapeSuffix || '';
      this.nestingPrefix = nestingPrefix ? regexEscape(nestingPrefix) : nestingPrefixEscaped || regexEscape('$t(');
      this.nestingSuffix = nestingSuffix ? regexEscape(nestingSuffix) : nestingSuffixEscaped || regexEscape(')');
      this.nestingOptionsSeparator = nestingOptionsSeparator || ',';
      this.maxReplaces = maxReplaces || 1000;
      this.alwaysFormat = alwaysFormat !== undefined ? alwaysFormat : false;
      this.resetRegExp();
    }
    reset() {
      if (this.options) this.init(this.options);
    }
    resetRegExp() {
      const getOrResetRegExp = (existingRegExp, pattern) => {
        if (existingRegExp && existingRegExp.source === pattern) {
          existingRegExp.lastIndex = 0;
          return existingRegExp;
        }
        return new RegExp(pattern, 'g');
      };
      this.regexp = getOrResetRegExp(this.regexp, `${this.prefix}(.+?)${this.suffix}`);
      this.regexpUnescape = getOrResetRegExp(this.regexpUnescape, `${this.prefix}${this.unescapePrefix}(.+?)${this.unescapeSuffix}${this.suffix}`);
      this.nestingRegexp = getOrResetRegExp(this.nestingRegexp, `${this.nestingPrefix}(.+?)${this.nestingSuffix}`);
    }
    interpolate(str, data, lng, options) {
      let match;
      let value;
      let replaces;
      const defaultData = this.options && this.options.interpolation && this.options.interpolation.defaultVariables || {};
      function regexSafe(val) {
        return val.replace(/\$/g, '$$$$');
      }
      const handleFormat = key => {
        if (key.indexOf(this.formatSeparator) < 0) {
          const path = deepFindWithDefaults(data, defaultData, key, this.options.keySeparator, this.options.ignoreJSONStructure);
          return this.alwaysFormat ? this.format(path, undefined, lng, {
            ...options,
            ...data,
            interpolationkey: key
          }) : path;
        }
        const p = key.split(this.formatSeparator);
        const k = p.shift().trim();
        const f = p.join(this.formatSeparator).trim();
        return this.format(deepFindWithDefaults(data, defaultData, k, this.options.keySeparator, this.options.ignoreJSONStructure), f, lng, {
          ...options,
          ...data,
          interpolationkey: k
        });
      };
      this.resetRegExp();
      const missingInterpolationHandler = options && options.missingInterpolationHandler || this.options.missingInterpolationHandler;
      const skipOnVariables = options && options.interpolation && options.interpolation.skipOnVariables !== undefined ? options.interpolation.skipOnVariables : this.options.interpolation.skipOnVariables;
      const todos = [{
        regex: this.regexpUnescape,
        safeValue: val => regexSafe(val)
      }, {
        regex: this.regexp,
        safeValue: val => this.escapeValue ? regexSafe(this.escape(val)) : regexSafe(val)
      }];
      todos.forEach(todo => {
        replaces = 0;
        while (match = todo.regex.exec(str)) {
          const matchedVar = match[1].trim();
          value = handleFormat(matchedVar);
          if (value === undefined) {
            if (typeof missingInterpolationHandler === 'function') {
              const temp = missingInterpolationHandler(str, match, options);
              value = typeof temp === 'string' ? temp : '';
            } else if (options && Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(options, matchedVar)) {
              value = '';
            } else if (skipOnVariables) {
              value = match[0];
              continue;
            } else {
              this.logger.warn(`missed to pass in variable ${matchedVar} for interpolating ${str}`);
              value = '';
            }
          } else if (typeof value !== 'string' && !this.useRawValueToEscape) {
            value = makeString(value);
          }
          const safeValue = todo.safeValue(value);
          str = str.replace(match[0], safeValue);
          if (skipOnVariables) {
            todo.regex.lastIndex += value.length;
            todo.regex.lastIndex -= match[0].length;
          } else {
            todo.regex.lastIndex = 0;
          }
          replaces++;
          if (replaces >= this.maxReplaces) {
            break;
          }
        }
      });
      return str;
    }
    nest(str, fc) {
      let options = arguments.length > 2 && arguments[2] !== undefined ? arguments[2] : {};
      let match;
      let value;
      let clonedOptions;
      function handleHasOptions(key, inheritedOptions) {
        const sep = this.nestingOptionsSeparator;
        if (key.indexOf(sep) < 0) return key;
        const c = key.split(new RegExp(`${sep}[ ]*{`));
        let optionsString = `{${c[1]}`;
        key = c[0];
        optionsString = this.interpolate(optionsString, clonedOptions);
        const matchedSingleQuotes = optionsString.match(/'/g);
        const matchedDoubleQuotes = optionsString.match(/"/g);
        if (matchedSingleQuotes && matchedSingleQuotes.length % 2 === 0 && !matchedDoubleQuotes || matchedDoubleQuotes.length % 2 !== 0) {
          optionsString = optionsString.replace(/'/g, '"');
        }
        try {
          clonedOptions = JSON.parse(optionsString);
          if (inheritedOptions) clonedOptions = {
            ...inheritedOptions,
            ...clonedOptions
          };
        } catch (e) {
          this.logger.warn(`failed parsing options string in nesting for key ${key}`, e);
          return `${key}${sep}${optionsString}`;
        }
        if (clonedOptions.defaultValue && clonedOptions.defaultValue.indexOf(this.prefix) > -1) delete clonedOptions.defaultValue;
        return key;
      }
      while (match = this.nestingRegexp.exec(str)) {
        let formatters = [];
        clonedOptions = {
          ...options
        };
        clonedOptions = clonedOptions.replace && typeof clonedOptions.replace !== 'string' ? clonedOptions.replace : clonedOptions;
        clonedOptions.applyPostProcessor = false;
        delete clonedOptions.defaultValue;
        let doReduce = false;
        if (match[0].indexOf(this.formatSeparator) !== -1 && !/{.*}/.test(match[1])) {
          const r = match[1].split(this.formatSeparator).map(elem => elem.trim());
          match[1] = r.shift();
          formatters = r;
          doReduce = true;
        }
        value = fc(handleHasOptions.call(this, match[1].trim(), clonedOptions), clonedOptions);
        if (value && match[0] === str && typeof value !== 'string') return value;
        if (typeof value !== 'string') value = makeString(value);
        if (!value) {
          this.logger.warn(`missed to resolve ${match[1]} for nesting ${str}`);
          value = '';
        }
        if (doReduce) {
          value = formatters.reduce((v, f) => this.format(v, f, options.lng, {
            ...options,
            interpolationkey: match[1].trim()
          }), value.trim());
        }
        str = str.replace(match[0], value);
        this.regexp.lastIndex = 0;
      }
      return str;
    }
  }

  function parseFormatStr(formatStr) {
    let formatName = formatStr.toLowerCase().trim();
    const formatOptions = {};
    if (formatStr.indexOf('(') > -1) {
      const p = formatStr.split('(');
      formatName = p[0].toLowerCase().trim();
      const optStr = p[1].substring(0, p[1].length - 1);
      if (formatName === 'currency' && optStr.indexOf(':') < 0) {
        if (!formatOptions.currency) formatOptions.currency = optStr.trim();
      } else if (formatName === 'relativetime' && optStr.indexOf(':') < 0) {
        if (!formatOptions.range) formatOptions.range = optStr.trim();
      } else {
        const opts = optStr.split(';');
        opts.forEach(opt => {
          if (opt) {
            const [key, ...rest] = opt.split(':');
            const val = rest.join(':').trim().replace(/^'+|'+$/g, '');
            const trimmedKey = key.trim();
            if (!formatOptions[trimmedKey]) formatOptions[trimmedKey] = val;
            if (val === 'false') formatOptions[trimmedKey] = false;
            if (val === 'true') formatOptions[trimmedKey] = true;
            if (!isNaN(val)) formatOptions[trimmedKey] = parseInt(val, 10);
          }
        });
      }
    }
    return {
      formatName,
      formatOptions
    };
  }
  function createCachedFormatter(fn) {
    const cache = {};
    return function invokeFormatter(val, lng, options) {
      const key = lng + JSON.stringify(options);
      let formatter = cache[key];
      if (!formatter) {
        formatter = fn(getCleanedCode(lng), options);
        cache[key] = formatter;
      }
      return formatter(val);
    };
  }
  class Formatter {
    constructor() {
      let options = arguments.length > 0 && arguments[0] !== undefined ? arguments[0] : {};
      this.logger = baseLogger.create('formatter');
      this.options = options;
      this.formats = {
        number: createCachedFormatter((lng, opt) => {
          const formatter = new Intl.NumberFormat(lng, {
            ...opt
          });
          return val => formatter.format(val);
        }),
        currency: createCachedFormatter((lng, opt) => {
          const formatter = new Intl.NumberFormat(lng, {
            ...opt,
            style: 'currency'
          });
          return val => formatter.format(val);
        }),
        datetime: createCachedFormatter((lng, opt) => {
          const formatter = new Intl.DateTimeFormat(lng, {
            ...opt
          });
          return val => formatter.format(val);
        }),
        relativetime: createCachedFormatter((lng, opt) => {
          const formatter = new Intl.RelativeTimeFormat(lng, {
            ...opt
          });
          return val => formatter.format(val, opt.range || 'day');
        }),
        list: createCachedFormatter((lng, opt) => {
          const formatter = new Intl.ListFormat(lng, {
            ...opt
          });
          return val => formatter.format(val);
        })
      };
      this.init(options);
    }
    init(services) {
      let options = arguments.length > 1 && arguments[1] !== undefined ? arguments[1] : {
        interpolation: {}
      };
      const iOpts = options.interpolation;
      this.formatSeparator = iOpts.formatSeparator ? iOpts.formatSeparator : iOpts.formatSeparator || ',';
    }
    add(name, fc) {
      this.formats[name.toLowerCase().trim()] = fc;
    }
    addCached(name, fc) {
      this.formats[name.toLowerCase().trim()] = createCachedFormatter(fc);
    }
    format(value, format, lng) {
      let options = arguments.length > 3 && arguments[3] !== undefined ? arguments[3] : {};
      const formats = format.split(this.formatSeparator);
      const result = formats.reduce((mem, f) => {
        const {
          formatName,
          formatOptions
        } = parseFormatStr(f);
        if (this.formats[formatName]) {
          let formatted = mem;
          try {
            const valOptions = options && options.formatParams && options.formatParams[options.interpolationkey] || {};
            const l = valOptions.locale || valOptions.lng || options.locale || options.lng || lng;
            formatted = this.formats[formatName](mem, l, {
              ...formatOptions,
              ...options,
              ...valOptions
            });
          } catch (error) {
            this.logger.warn(error);
          }
          return formatted;
        } else {
          this.logger.warn(`there was no format function for ${formatName}`);
        }
        return mem;
      }, value);
      return result;
    }
  }

  function removePending(q, name) {
    if (q.pending[name] !== undefined) {
      delete q.pending[name];
      q.pendingCount--;
    }
  }
  class Connector extends EventEmitter {
    constructor(backend, store, services) {
      let options = arguments.length > 3 && arguments[3] !== undefined ? arguments[3] : {};
      super();
      this.backend = backend;
      this.store = store;
      this.services = services;
      this.languageUtils = services.languageUtils;
      this.options = options;
      this.logger = baseLogger.create('backendConnector');
      this.waitingReads = [];
      this.maxParallelReads = options.maxParallelReads || 10;
      this.readingCalls = 0;
      this.maxRetries = options.maxRetries >= 0 ? options.maxRetries : 5;
      this.retryTimeout = options.retryTimeout >= 1 ? options.retryTimeout : 350;
      this.state = {};
      this.queue = [];
      if (this.backend && this.backend.init) {
        this.backend.init(services, options.backend, options);
      }
    }
    queueLoad(languages, namespaces, options, callback) {
      const toLoad = {};
      const pending = {};
      const toLoadLanguages = {};
      const toLoadNamespaces = {};
      languages.forEach(lng => {
        let hasAllNamespaces = true;
        namespaces.forEach(ns => {
          const name = `${lng}|${ns}`;
          if (!options.reload && this.store.hasResourceBundle(lng, ns)) {
            this.state[name] = 2;
          } else if (this.state[name] < 0) ; else if (this.state[name] === 1) {
            if (pending[name] === undefined) pending[name] = true;
          } else {
            this.state[name] = 1;
            hasAllNamespaces = false;
            if (pending[name] === undefined) pending[name] = true;
            if (toLoad[name] === undefined) toLoad[name] = true;
            if (toLoadNamespaces[ns] === undefined) toLoadNamespaces[ns] = true;
          }
        });
        if (!hasAllNamespaces) toLoadLanguages[lng] = true;
      });
      if (Object.keys(toLoad).length || Object.keys(pending).length) {
        this.queue.push({
          pending,
          pendingCount: Object.keys(pending).length,
          loaded: {},
          errors: [],
          callback
        });
      }
      return {
        toLoad: Object.keys(toLoad),
        pending: Object.keys(pending),
        toLoadLanguages: Object.keys(toLoadLanguages),
        toLoadNamespaces: Object.keys(toLoadNamespaces)
      };
    }
    loaded(name, err, data) {
      const s = name.split('|');
      const lng = s[0];
      const ns = s[1];
      if (err) this.emit('failedLoading', lng, ns, err);
      if (data) {
        this.store.addResourceBundle(lng, ns, data, undefined, undefined, {
          skipCopy: true
        });
      }
      this.state[name] = err ? -1 : 2;
      const loaded = {};
      this.queue.forEach(q => {
        pushPath(q.loaded, [lng], ns);
        removePending(q, name);
        if (err) q.errors.push(err);
        if (q.pendingCount === 0 && !q.done) {
          Object.keys(q.loaded).forEach(l => {
            if (!loaded[l]) loaded[l] = {};
            const loadedKeys = q.loaded[l];
            if (loadedKeys.length) {
              loadedKeys.forEach(n => {
                if (loaded[l][n] === undefined) loaded[l][n] = true;
              });
            }
          });
          q.done = true;
          if (q.errors.length) {
            q.callback(q.errors);
          } else {
            q.callback();
          }
        }
      });
      this.emit('loaded', loaded);
      this.queue = this.queue.filter(q => !q.done);
    }
    read(lng, ns, fcName) {
      let tried = arguments.length > 3 && arguments[3] !== undefined ? arguments[3] : 0;
      let wait = arguments.length > 4 && arguments[4] !== undefined ? arguments[4] : this.retryTimeout;
      let callback = arguments.length > 5 ? arguments[5] : undefined;
      if (!lng.length) return callback(null, {});
      if (this.readingCalls >= this.maxParallelReads) {
        this.waitingReads.push({
          lng,
          ns,
          fcName,
          tried,
          wait,
          callback
        });
        return;
      }
      this.readingCalls++;
      const resolver = (err, data) => {
        this.readingCalls--;
        if (this.waitingReads.length > 0) {
          const next = this.waitingReads.shift();
          this.read(next.lng, next.ns, next.fcName, next.tried, next.wait, next.callback);
        }
        if (err && data && tried < this.maxRetries) {
          setTimeout(() => {
            this.read.call(this, lng, ns, fcName, tried + 1, wait * 2, callback);
          }, wait);
          return;
        }
        callback(err, data);
      };
      const fc = this.backend[fcName].bind(this.backend);
      if (fc.length === 2) {
        try {
          const r = fc(lng, ns);
          if (r && typeof r.then === 'function') {
            r.then(data => resolver(null, data)).catch(resolver);
          } else {
            resolver(null, r);
          }
        } catch (err) {
          resolver(err);
        }
        return;
      }
      return fc(lng, ns, resolver);
    }
    prepareLoading(languages, namespaces) {
      let options = arguments.length > 2 && arguments[2] !== undefined ? arguments[2] : {};
      let callback = arguments.length > 3 ? arguments[3] : undefined;
      if (!this.backend) {
        this.logger.warn('No backend was added via i18next.use. Will not load resources.');
        return callback && callback();
      }
      if (typeof languages === 'string') languages = this.languageUtils.toResolveHierarchy(languages);
      if (typeof namespaces === 'string') namespaces = [namespaces];
      const toLoad = this.queueLoad(languages, namespaces, options, callback);
      if (!toLoad.toLoad.length) {
        if (!toLoad.pending.length) callback();
        return null;
      }
      toLoad.toLoad.forEach(name => {
        this.loadOne(name);
      });
    }
    load(languages, namespaces, callback) {
      this.prepareLoading(languages, namespaces, {}, callback);
    }
    reload(languages, namespaces, callback) {
      this.prepareLoading(languages, namespaces, {
        reload: true
      }, callback);
    }
    loadOne(name) {
      let prefix = arguments.length > 1 && arguments[1] !== undefined ? arguments[1] : '';
      const s = name.split('|');
      const lng = s[0];
      const ns = s[1];
      this.read(lng, ns, 'read', undefined, undefined, (err, data) => {
        if (err) this.logger.warn(`${prefix}loading namespace ${ns} for language ${lng} failed`, err);
        if (!err && data) this.logger.log(`${prefix}loaded namespace ${ns} for language ${lng}`, data);
        this.loaded(name, err, data);
      });
    }
    saveMissing(languages, namespace, key, fallbackValue, isUpdate) {
      let options = arguments.length > 5 && arguments[5] !== undefined ? arguments[5] : {};
      let clb = arguments.length > 6 && arguments[6] !== undefined ? arguments[6] : () => {};
      if (this.services.utils && this.services.utils.hasLoadedNamespace && !this.services.utils.hasLoadedNamespace(namespace)) {
        this.logger.warn(`did not save key "${key}" as the namespace "${namespace}" was not yet loaded`, 'This means something IS WRONG in your setup. You access the t function before i18next.init / i18next.loadNamespace / i18next.changeLanguage was done. Wait for the callback or Promise to resolve before accessing it!!!');
        return;
      }
      if (key === undefined || key === null || key === '') return;
      if (this.backend && this.backend.create) {
        const opts = {
          ...options,
          isUpdate
        };
        const fc = this.backend.create.bind(this.backend);
        if (fc.length < 6) {
          try {
            let r;
            if (fc.length === 5) {
              r = fc(languages, namespace, key, fallbackValue, opts);
            } else {
              r = fc(languages, namespace, key, fallbackValue);
            }
            if (r && typeof r.then === 'function') {
              r.then(data => clb(null, data)).catch(clb);
            } else {
              clb(null, r);
            }
          } catch (err) {
            clb(err);
          }
        } else {
          fc(languages, namespace, key, fallbackValue, clb, opts);
        }
      }
      if (!languages || !languages[0]) return;
      this.store.addResource(languages[0], namespace, key, fallbackValue);
    }
  }

  function get() {
    return {
      debug: false,
      initImmediate: true,
      ns: ['translation'],
      defaultNS: ['translation'],
      fallbackLng: ['dev'],
      fallbackNS: false,
      supportedLngs: false,
      nonExplicitSupportedLngs: false,
      load: 'all',
      preload: false,
      simplifyPluralSuffix: true,
      keySeparator: '.',
      nsSeparator: ':',
      pluralSeparator: '_',
      contextSeparator: '_',
      partialBundledLanguages: false,
      saveMissing: false,
      updateMissing: false,
      saveMissingTo: 'fallback',
      saveMissingPlurals: true,
      missingKeyHandler: false,
      missingInterpolationHandler: false,
      postProcess: false,
      postProcessPassResolved: false,
      returnNull: false,
      returnEmptyString: true,
      returnObjects: false,
      joinArrays: false,
      returnedObjectHandler: false,
      parseMissingKeyHandler: false,
      appendNamespaceToMissingKey: false,
      appendNamespaceToCIMode: false,
      overloadTranslationOptionHandler: function handle(args) {
        let ret = {};
        if (typeof args[1] === 'object') ret = args[1];
        if (typeof args[1] === 'string') ret.defaultValue = args[1];
        if (typeof args[2] === 'string') ret.tDescription = args[2];
        if (typeof args[2] === 'object' || typeof args[3] === 'object') {
          const options = args[3] || args[2];
          Object.keys(options).forEach(key => {
            ret[key] = options[key];
          });
        }
        return ret;
      },
      interpolation: {
        escapeValue: true,
        format: value => value,
        prefix: '{{',
        suffix: '}}',
        formatSeparator: ',',
        unescapePrefix: '-',
        nestingPrefix: '$t(',
        nestingSuffix: ')',
        nestingOptionsSeparator: ',',
        maxReplaces: 1000,
        skipOnVariables: true
      }
    };
  }
  function transformOptions(options) {
    if (typeof options.ns === 'string') options.ns = [options.ns];
    if (typeof options.fallbackLng === 'string') options.fallbackLng = [options.fallbackLng];
    if (typeof options.fallbackNS === 'string') options.fallbackNS = [options.fallbackNS];
    if (options.supportedLngs && options.supportedLngs.indexOf('cimode') < 0) {
      options.supportedLngs = options.supportedLngs.concat(['cimode']);
    }
    return options;
  }

  function noop() {}
  function bindMemberFunctions(inst) {
    const mems = Object.getOwnPropertyNames(Object.getPrototypeOf(inst));
    mems.forEach(mem => {
      if (typeof inst[mem] === 'function') {
        inst[mem] = inst[mem].bind(inst);
      }
    });
  }
  class I18n extends EventEmitter {
    constructor() {
      let options = arguments.length > 0 && arguments[0] !== undefined ? arguments[0] : {};
      let callback = arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined;
      super();
      this.options = transformOptions(options);
      this.services = {};
      this.logger = baseLogger;
      this.modules = {
        external: []
      };
      bindMemberFunctions(this);
      if (callback && !this.isInitialized && !options.isClone) {
        if (!this.options.initImmediate) {
          this.init(options, callback);
          return this;
        }
        setTimeout(() => {
          this.init(options, callback);
        }, 0);
      }
    }
    init() {
      var _this = this;
      let options = arguments.length > 0 && arguments[0] !== undefined ? arguments[0] : {};
      let callback = arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined;
      this.isInitializing = true;
      if (typeof options === 'function') {
        callback = options;
        options = {};
      }
      if (!options.defaultNS && options.defaultNS !== false && options.ns) {
        if (typeof options.ns === 'string') {
          options.defaultNS = options.ns;
        } else if (options.ns.indexOf('translation') < 0) {
          options.defaultNS = options.ns[0];
        }
      }
      const defOpts = get();
      this.options = {
        ...defOpts,
        ...this.options,
        ...transformOptions(options)
      };
      if (this.options.compatibilityAPI !== 'v1') {
        this.options.interpolation = {
          ...defOpts.interpolation,
          ...this.options.interpolation
        };
      }
      if (options.keySeparator !== undefined) {
        this.options.userDefinedKeySeparator = options.keySeparator;
      }
      if (options.nsSeparator !== undefined) {
        this.options.userDefinedNsSeparator = options.nsSeparator;
      }
      function createClassOnDemand(ClassOrObject) {
        if (!ClassOrObject) return null;
        if (typeof ClassOrObject === 'function') return new ClassOrObject();
        return ClassOrObject;
      }
      if (!this.options.isClone) {
        if (this.modules.logger) {
          baseLogger.init(createClassOnDemand(this.modules.logger), this.options);
        } else {
          baseLogger.init(null, this.options);
        }
        let formatter;
        if (this.modules.formatter) {
          formatter = this.modules.formatter;
        } else if (typeof Intl !== 'undefined') {
          formatter = Formatter;
        }
        const lu = new LanguageUtil(this.options);
        this.store = new ResourceStore(this.options.resources, this.options);
        const s = this.services;
        s.logger = baseLogger;
        s.resourceStore = this.store;
        s.languageUtils = lu;
        s.pluralResolver = new PluralResolver(lu, {
          prepend: this.options.pluralSeparator,
          compatibilityJSON: this.options.compatibilityJSON,
          simplifyPluralSuffix: this.options.simplifyPluralSuffix
        });
        if (formatter && (!this.options.interpolation.format || this.options.interpolation.format === defOpts.interpolation.format)) {
          s.formatter = createClassOnDemand(formatter);
          s.formatter.init(s, this.options);
          this.options.interpolation.format = s.formatter.format.bind(s.formatter);
        }
        s.interpolator = new Interpolator(this.options);
        s.utils = {
          hasLoadedNamespace: this.hasLoadedNamespace.bind(this)
        };
        s.backendConnector = new Connector(createClassOnDemand(this.modules.backend), s.resourceStore, s, this.options);
        s.backendConnector.on('*', function (event) {
          for (var _len = arguments.length, args = new Array(_len > 1 ? _len - 1 : 0), _key = 1; _key < _len; _key++) {
            args[_key - 1] = arguments[_key];
          }
          _this.emit(event, ...args);
        });
        if (this.modules.languageDetector) {
          s.languageDetector = createClassOnDemand(this.modules.languageDetector);
          if (s.languageDetector.init) s.languageDetector.init(s, this.options.detection, this.options);
        }
        if (this.modules.i18nFormat) {
          s.i18nFormat = createClassOnDemand(this.modules.i18nFormat);
          if (s.i18nFormat.init) s.i18nFormat.init(this);
        }
        this.translator = new Translator(this.services, this.options);
        this.translator.on('*', function (event) {
          for (var _len2 = arguments.length, args = new Array(_len2 > 1 ? _len2 - 1 : 0), _key2 = 1; _key2 < _len2; _key2++) {
            args[_key2 - 1] = arguments[_key2];
          }
          _this.emit(event, ...args);
        });
        this.modules.external.forEach(m => {
          if (m.init) m.init(this);
        });
      }
      this.format = this.options.interpolation.format;
      if (!callback) callback = noop;
      if (this.options.fallbackLng && !this.services.languageDetector && !this.options.lng) {
        const codes = this.services.languageUtils.getFallbackCodes(this.options.fallbackLng);
        if (codes.length > 0 && codes[0] !== 'dev') this.options.lng = codes[0];
      }
      if (!this.services.languageDetector && !this.options.lng) {
        this.logger.warn('init: no languageDetector is used and no lng is defined');
      }
      const storeApi = ['getResource', 'hasResourceBundle', 'getResourceBundle', 'getDataByLanguage'];
      storeApi.forEach(fcName => {
        this[fcName] = function () {
          return _this.store[fcName](...arguments);
        };
      });
      const storeApiChained = ['addResource', 'addResources', 'addResourceBundle', 'removeResourceBundle'];
      storeApiChained.forEach(fcName => {
        this[fcName] = function () {
          _this.store[fcName](...arguments);
          return _this;
        };
      });
      const deferred = defer();
      const load = () => {
        const finish = (err, t) => {
          this.isInitializing = false;
          if (this.isInitialized && !this.initializedStoreOnce) this.logger.warn('init: i18next is already initialized. You should call init just once!');
          this.isInitialized = true;
          if (!this.options.isClone) this.logger.log('initialized', this.options);
          this.emit('initialized', this.options);
          deferred.resolve(t);
          callback(err, t);
        };
        if (this.languages && this.options.compatibilityAPI !== 'v1' && !this.isInitialized) return finish(null, this.t.bind(this));
        this.changeLanguage(this.options.lng, finish);
      };
      if (this.options.resources || !this.options.initImmediate) {
        load();
      } else {
        setTimeout(load, 0);
      }
      return deferred;
    }
    loadResources(language) {
      let callback = arguments.length > 1 && arguments[1] !== undefined ? arguments[1] : noop;
      let usedCallback = callback;
      const usedLng = typeof language === 'string' ? language : this.language;
      if (typeof language === 'function') usedCallback = language;
      if (!this.options.resources || this.options.partialBundledLanguages) {
        if (usedLng && usedLng.toLowerCase() === 'cimode' && (!this.options.preload || this.options.preload.length === 0)) return usedCallback();
        const toLoad = [];
        const append = lng => {
          if (!lng) return;
          if (lng === 'cimode') return;
          const lngs = this.services.languageUtils.toResolveHierarchy(lng);
          lngs.forEach(l => {
            if (l === 'cimode') return;
            if (toLoad.indexOf(l) < 0) toLoad.push(l);
          });
        };
        if (!usedLng) {
          const fallbacks = this.services.languageUtils.getFallbackCodes(this.options.fallbackLng);
          fallbacks.forEach(l => append(l));
        } else {
          append(usedLng);
        }
        if (this.options.preload) {
          this.options.preload.forEach(l => append(l));
        }
        this.services.backendConnector.load(toLoad, this.options.ns, e => {
          if (!e && !this.resolvedLanguage && this.language) this.setResolvedLanguage(this.language);
          usedCallback(e);
        });
      } else {
        usedCallback(null);
      }
    }
    reloadResources(lngs, ns, callback) {
      const deferred = defer();
      if (!lngs) lngs = this.languages;
      if (!ns) ns = this.options.ns;
      if (!callback) callback = noop;
      this.services.backendConnector.reload(lngs, ns, err => {
        deferred.resolve();
        callback(err);
      });
      return deferred;
    }
    use(module) {
      if (!module) throw new Error('You are passing an undefined module! Please check the object you are passing to i18next.use()');
      if (!module.type) throw new Error('You are passing a wrong module! Please check the object you are passing to i18next.use()');
      if (module.type === 'backend') {
        this.modules.backend = module;
      }
      if (module.type === 'logger' || module.log && module.warn && module.error) {
        this.modules.logger = module;
      }
      if (module.type === 'languageDetector') {
        this.modules.languageDetector = module;
      }
      if (module.type === 'i18nFormat') {
        this.modules.i18nFormat = module;
      }
      if (module.type === 'postProcessor') {
        postProcessor.addPostProcessor(module);
      }
      if (module.type === 'formatter') {
        this.modules.formatter = module;
      }
      if (module.type === '3rdParty') {
        this.modules.external.push(module);
      }
      return this;
    }
    setResolvedLanguage(l) {
      if (!l || !this.languages) return;
      if (['cimode', 'dev'].indexOf(l) > -1) return;
      for (let li = 0; li < this.languages.length; li++) {
        const lngInLngs = this.languages[li];
        if (['cimode', 'dev'].indexOf(lngInLngs) > -1) continue;
        if (this.store.hasLanguageSomeTranslations(lngInLngs)) {
          this.resolvedLanguage = lngInLngs;
          break;
        }
      }
    }
    changeLanguage(lng, callback) {
      var _this2 = this;
      this.isLanguageChangingTo = lng;
      const deferred = defer();
      this.emit('languageChanging', lng);
      const setLngProps = l => {
        this.language = l;
        this.languages = this.services.languageUtils.toResolveHierarchy(l);
        this.resolvedLanguage = undefined;
        this.setResolvedLanguage(l);
      };
      const done = (err, l) => {
        if (l) {
          setLngProps(l);
          this.translator.changeLanguage(l);
          this.isLanguageChangingTo = undefined;
          this.emit('languageChanged', l);
          this.logger.log('languageChanged', l);
        } else {
          this.isLanguageChangingTo = undefined;
        }
        deferred.resolve(function () {
          return _this2.t(...arguments);
        });
        if (callback) callback(err, function () {
          return _this2.t(...arguments);
        });
      };
      const setLng = lngs => {
        if (!lng && !lngs && this.services.languageDetector) lngs = [];
        const l = typeof lngs === 'string' ? lngs : this.services.languageUtils.getBestMatchFromCodes(lngs);
        if (l) {
          if (!this.language) {
            setLngProps(l);
          }
          if (!this.translator.language) this.translator.changeLanguage(l);
          if (this.services.languageDetector && this.services.languageDetector.cacheUserLanguage) this.services.languageDetector.cacheUserLanguage(l);
        }
        this.loadResources(l, err => {
          done(err, l);
        });
      };
      if (!lng && this.services.languageDetector && !this.services.languageDetector.async) {
        setLng(this.services.languageDetector.detect());
      } else if (!lng && this.services.languageDetector && this.services.languageDetector.async) {
        if (this.services.languageDetector.detect.length === 0) {
          this.services.languageDetector.detect().then(setLng);
        } else {
          this.services.languageDetector.detect(setLng);
        }
      } else {
        setLng(lng);
      }
      return deferred;
    }
    getFixedT(lng, ns, keyPrefix) {
      var _this3 = this;
      const fixedT = function (key, opts) {
        let options;
        if (typeof opts !== 'object') {
          for (var _len3 = arguments.length, rest = new Array(_len3 > 2 ? _len3 - 2 : 0), _key3 = 2; _key3 < _len3; _key3++) {
            rest[_key3 - 2] = arguments[_key3];
          }
          options = _this3.options.overloadTranslationOptionHandler([key, opts].concat(rest));
        } else {
          options = {
            ...opts
          };
        }
        options.lng = options.lng || fixedT.lng;
        options.lngs = options.lngs || fixedT.lngs;
        options.ns = options.ns || fixedT.ns;
        if (options.keyPrefix !== '') options.keyPrefix = options.keyPrefix || keyPrefix || fixedT.keyPrefix;
        const keySeparator = _this3.options.keySeparator || '.';
        let resultKey;
        if (options.keyPrefix && Array.isArray(key)) {
          resultKey = key.map(k => `${options.keyPrefix}${keySeparator}${k}`);
        } else {
          resultKey = options.keyPrefix ? `${options.keyPrefix}${keySeparator}${key}` : key;
        }
        return _this3.t(resultKey, options);
      };
      if (typeof lng === 'string') {
        fixedT.lng = lng;
      } else {
        fixedT.lngs = lng;
      }
      fixedT.ns = ns;
      fixedT.keyPrefix = keyPrefix;
      return fixedT;
    }
    t() {
      return this.translator && this.translator.translate(...arguments);
    }
    exists() {
      return this.translator && this.translator.exists(...arguments);
    }
    setDefaultNamespace(ns) {
      this.options.defaultNS = ns;
    }
    hasLoadedNamespace(ns) {
      let options = arguments.length > 1 && arguments[1] !== undefined ? arguments[1] : {};
      if (!this.isInitialized) {
        this.logger.warn('hasLoadedNamespace: i18next was not initialized', this.languages);
        return false;
      }
      if (!this.languages || !this.languages.length) {
        this.logger.warn('hasLoadedNamespace: i18n.languages were undefined or empty', this.languages);
        return false;
      }
      const lng = options.lng || this.resolvedLanguage || this.languages[0];
      const fallbackLng = this.options ? this.options.fallbackLng : false;
      const lastLng = this.languages[this.languages.length - 1];
      if (lng.toLowerCase() === 'cimode') return true;
      const loadNotPending = (l, n) => {
        const loadState = this.services.backendConnector.state[`${l}|${n}`];
        return loadState === -1 || loadState === 2;
      };
      if (options.precheck) {
        const preResult = options.precheck(this, loadNotPending);
        if (preResult !== undefined) return preResult;
      }
      if (this.hasResourceBundle(lng, ns)) return true;
      if (!this.services.backendConnector.backend || this.options.resources && !this.options.partialBundledLanguages) return true;
      if (loadNotPending(lng, ns) && (!fallbackLng || loadNotPending(lastLng, ns))) return true;
      return false;
    }
    loadNamespaces(ns, callback) {
      const deferred = defer();
      if (!this.options.ns) {
        if (callback) callback();
        return Promise.resolve();
      }
      if (typeof ns === 'string') ns = [ns];
      ns.forEach(n => {
        if (this.options.ns.indexOf(n) < 0) this.options.ns.push(n);
      });
      this.loadResources(err => {
        deferred.resolve();
        if (callback) callback(err);
      });
      return deferred;
    }
    loadLanguages(lngs, callback) {
      const deferred = defer();
      if (typeof lngs === 'string') lngs = [lngs];
      const preloaded = this.options.preload || [];
      const newLngs = lngs.filter(lng => preloaded.indexOf(lng) < 0 && this.services.languageUtils.isSupportedCode(lng));
      if (!newLngs.length) {
        if (callback) callback();
        return Promise.resolve();
      }
      this.options.preload = preloaded.concat(newLngs);
      this.loadResources(err => {
        deferred.resolve();
        if (callback) callback(err);
      });
      return deferred;
    }
    dir(lng) {
      if (!lng) lng = this.resolvedLanguage || (this.languages && this.languages.length > 0 ? this.languages[0] : this.language);
      if (!lng) return 'rtl';
      const rtlLngs = ['ar', 'shu', 'sqr', 'ssh', 'xaa', 'yhd', 'yud', 'aao', 'abh', 'abv', 'acm', 'acq', 'acw', 'acx', 'acy', 'adf', 'ads', 'aeb', 'aec', 'afb', 'ajp', 'apc', 'apd', 'arb', 'arq', 'ars', 'ary', 'arz', 'auz', 'avl', 'ayh', 'ayl', 'ayn', 'ayp', 'bbz', 'pga', 'he', 'iw', 'ps', 'pbt', 'pbu', 'pst', 'prp', 'prd', 'ug', 'ur', 'ydd', 'yds', 'yih', 'ji', 'yi', 'hbo', 'men', 'xmn', 'fa', 'jpr', 'peo', 'pes', 'prs', 'dv', 'sam', 'ckb'];
      const languageUtils = this.services && this.services.languageUtils || new LanguageUtil(get());
      return rtlLngs.indexOf(languageUtils.getLanguagePartFromCode(lng)) > -1 || lng.toLowerCase().indexOf('-arab') > 1 ? 'rtl' : 'ltr';
    }
    static createInstance() {
      let options = arguments.length > 0 && arguments[0] !== undefined ? arguments[0] : {};
      let callback = arguments.length > 1 ? arguments[1] : undefined;
      return new I18n(options, callback);
    }
    cloneInstance() {
      let options = arguments.length > 0 && arguments[0] !== undefined ? arguments[0] : {};
      let callback = arguments.length > 1 && arguments[1] !== undefined ? arguments[1] : noop;
      const forkResourceStore = options.forkResourceStore;
      if (forkResourceStore) delete options.forkResourceStore;
      const mergedOptions = {
        ...this.options,
        ...options,
        ...{
          isClone: true
        }
      };
      const clone = new I18n(mergedOptions);
      if (options.debug !== undefined || options.prefix !== undefined) {
        clone.logger = clone.logger.clone(options);
      }
      const membersToCopy = ['store', 'services', 'language'];
      membersToCopy.forEach(m => {
        clone[m] = this[m];
      });
      clone.services = {
        ...this.services
      };
      clone.services.utils = {
        hasLoadedNamespace: clone.hasLoadedNamespace.bind(clone)
      };
      if (forkResourceStore) {
        clone.store = new ResourceStore(this.store.data, mergedOptions);
        clone.services.resourceStore = clone.store;
      }
      clone.translator = new Translator(clone.services, mergedOptions);
      clone.translator.on('*', function (event) {
        for (var _len4 = arguments.length, args = new Array(_len4 > 1 ? _len4 - 1 : 0), _key4 = 1; _key4 < _len4; _key4++) {
          args[_key4 - 1] = arguments[_key4];
        }
        clone.emit(event, ...args);
      });
      clone.init(mergedOptions, callback);
      clone.translator.options = mergedOptions;
      clone.translator.backendConnector.services.utils = {
        hasLoadedNamespace: clone.hasLoadedNamespace.bind(clone)
      };
      return clone;
    }
    toJSON() {
      return {
        options: this.options,
        store: this.store,
        language: this.language,
        languages: this.languages,
        resolvedLanguage: this.resolvedLanguage
      };
    }
  }
  const instance = I18n.createInstance();
  instance.createInstance = I18n.createInstance;

  return instance;

}));